TINJAUAN FIKIH MUAMALAH TERHADAP PRAKTIK SHORT SELLING DAN MARGIN TRADING DI PASAR MODAL KONVENSIONAL SEBAGAI REFLEKSI PENGUATAN PASAR MODAL SYARIAH
Abstract
Short selling and margin trading enhance liquidity in conventional markets but trigger volatility and disadvantage retail investors. This study critically analyzes their operational mechanisms from contemporary Fiqh Muamalah perspectives to strengthen Indonesia's Shariah Online Trading System (SOTS) architecture. Using a descriptive-qualitative method with a legal-normative approach, secondary data from DSN-MUI fatwas, OJK regulations, and Islamic jurisprudence were analyzed via content and comparative techniques. The results indicate that short selling features structural Sharia flaws, categorized as bai' al-ma'dum and violating qabdh, which introduces gharar and maysir. Meanwhile, margin trading constitutes riba al-qardh due to commercial interest on leverage. Conclusively, these prohibitions are effectively integrated into SOTS through systemic barriers: automatically rejecting zero-balance short sales and enforcing a Cash Advanced Market. This offers crucial insights for regulators designing resilient Islamic capital market roadmaps.References
Al-Amri, S., Furqani, H., & Sukmana, R. (2023). Regulatory framework for dynamic Islamic capital markets: Policy recommendations for OJK. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 13(2), 301-325. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijims.v13i2.301-325
Al-Riyami, M., & Khan, F. (2023). Exploring the un-Islamic elements of short sales: A contract legal perspective. Arab Law Quarterly, 37(1), 88-109. https://doi.org/10.1163/15730255-bja10061
Arifin, M. Z., & Rosadi, D. (2022). Enhancing Shariah Online Trading System (SOTS) structure in Indonesia: Digital technology integration. Journal of Islamic Monetary Economics and Finance, 8(3), 415-434. https://doi.org/10.21098/jimf.v8i3.1488
Asad, M., Rizvi, S. A. R., & Yarovaya, L. (2022). Short selling bans and market quality during calm and turbulent times. International Review of Financial Analysis, 83, 102235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2022.102235
Ayub, M. (2022). Understanding Islamic finance (2nd ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
Belouafi, A., Bourakba, C., & Saci, K. (2021). Islamic finance and the mitigation of speculative bubbles. Journal of Islamic Economic Studies, 28(2), 94-118. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIES-02-2021-0015
Bouteska, A., Mefteh-Wali, H., & Abdimomunova, A. (2023). Short-selling constraints and market crashes: Evidence from international stock markets. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 85, 101777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intfin.2023.101777
Chiah, M., Zhong, A., & Zhang, Q. (2022). Short selling, margin trading, and price efficiency: Evidence from an emerging market. International Review of Economics & Finance, 78, 145-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2021.11.011
Deng, X., Gao, O., & Ni, Y. (2022). Margin trading, leverage risk, and stock price crash risk: Evidence from China. Emerging Markets Review, 51, 100891. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2021.100891
Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia. (2003). Fatwa DSN-MUI No: 40/DSN-MUI/X/2003 tentang Pasar Modal dan Pedoman Umum Penerapan Prinsip Syariah di Bidang Pasar Modal. DSN-MUI.
Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia. (2011). Fatwa DSN-MUI No: 80/DSN-MUI/III/2011 tentang Penerapan Prinsip Syariah dalam Mekanisme Perdagangan Efek Bersifat Ekuitas di Pasar Reguler Bursa Efek. DSN-MUI.
Fatah, A., & Hidayat, N. (2023). Kesadaran hukum investor syariah pemula terhadap larangan transaksi margin. Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah, 7(1), 54-72. https://doi.org/10.26623/jhes.v7i1.6512
Fauzi, M. A., & Handoko, T. (2022). Implementasi Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 80 pada mekanisme bursa efek Indonesia. Jurnal Muamalah Kontemporer, 4(2), 101-118. https://doi.org/10.21111/jmk.v4i2.8122
Furqani, H., Al-Amri, S., & Sukmana, R. (2022). Maqasid al-Shari’ah framework for Islamic capital market regulation. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, 14(2), 154-169. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIF-08-2021-0134
Furqani, H., Al-Amri, S., & Sukmana, R. (2022). Maqasid al-Shari’ah framework for Islamic capital market regulation. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, 14(2), 154-169. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIF-08-2021-0134
Gao, L., Hong, H., & Zhang, W. (2020). Short selling and stock price crash risk: Evidence from China’s margin trading pilot program. Journal of Banking & Finance, 119, 105912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2020.105912
Gao, L., Hong, H., & Zhang, W. (2020). Short selling and stock price crash risk: Evidence from China’s margin trading pilot program. Journal of Banking & Finance, 119, 105912. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2020.105912
Hakim, L., & Mansur, A. (2023). Pendekatan yuridis-normatif dalam pengkajian hukum pasar modal Islam di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Fikih Muamalah, 11(2), 241-255. https://doi.org/10.15408/jifm.v11i2.19882
Haryanto, B., Nugraha, A., & Pratama, Y. (2022). Market efficiency and macroprudential restriction of margin trading in Indonesia stock exchange. Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance, 30(4), 482-499. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFRC-11-2021-0105
Jain, P. K., Kim, J., & Lee, J. (2023). Price efficiency and short-selling capabilities in emerging markets. Journal of Corporate Finance, 79, 102377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2023.102377
Jiang, L., Sun, X., & Wang, Z. (2023). Decomposing the risk multiplier effect of margin calls in systemic market crashes. Journal of Banking & Finance, 149, 106790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2023.106790
Kusuma, A. W., & Wijaya, T. (2022). Eksplorasi kualitatif pemahaman riba dan gharar pada akun margin investor ritel muslim. Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam, 8(3), 3211-3225. https://doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v8i3.6120
Mulyani, S., Rahmawati, E., & Saputra, R. (2023). Tinjauan yuridis-syariah terhadap implementasi fatwa pasar modal DSN-MUI. Jurnal Hukum dan Syariah, 14(2), 189-207. https://doi.org/10.18860/jhs.v14i2.20334
Nasution, H., & Siregar, H. (2024). Metodologi penelitian kualitatif untuk keuangan Islam kontemporer: Teori dan aplikasi. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Islam, 4(1), 12-30. https://doi.org/10.21098/jrai.v4i1.2291
Ni, Y., Deng, X., & Gao, O. (2022). The double-edged sword of short selling and margin trading in emerging markets. Journal of Empirical Finance, 67, 88-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2022.03.003
Riskita, A., & Setiawan, I. (2024). Integrasi sektor keuangan dan sektor riil pada instrumen pasar modal syariah Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teoretis dan Terapan, 11(1), 45-58. https://doi.org/10.20473/jestt.v11i1.51221
Usmani, M. T. (2022). An introduction to Islamic finance. Maktaba Ma'ariful Qur'an.
Wibowo, T., Fatah, A., & Hidayat, N. (2021). Perilaku menyimpang investor ritel muslim pada instrumen derivatif konvensional. Jurnal Riset Ekonomi Syariah, 1(2), 112-127. https://doi.org/10.29313/jres.v1i2.412
Wijaya, T., & Siregar, H. (2023). Filterisasi sistem SOTS dalam membendung anasir bai’ al-ma’dum. Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Syariah, 7(2), 143-162. https://doi.org/10.15408/jaks.v7i2.29800



.png)




